兔子的笼养方式

The way rabbits are raised in captivity

将兔子单个或小群终年养在笼子里，称为笼养。笼养是较为理想的一种饲养方式，特别适于饲养小兔、种兔和皮毛用兔。其优点是便于控制家兔的生活环境、兔子养殖管理、配种繁衍以及疾病防治，有利于家兔的生长发育、种类改进和进步毛皮质量。虽然造价较高，管理费工，室内每天须打扫，但笼养还是值得推行的一种饲养方式。

The individual or small group of rabbits are kept in cages all the year round, which is called cage raising. Captive rearing is an ideal way of raising rabbits, especially for rabbits, breeding rabbits and fur rabbits. Its advantages are easy to control the living environment of rabbits, rabbit breeding management, breeding and reproduction, disease prevention and control, and it is conducive to the growth and development of rabbits, species improvement and improvement of fur quality. Although the cost is high, the management is labor-intensive and indoor cleaning is necessary every day, cage breeding is still a way worth promoting.

放养

Restocking

放养就是把兔群长期在野外放牧饲养，让其自在采食，自在活动，自在交配繁衍，这是一种粗放的饲养方式。放养的场所，请求有充足的饲草、饲料供应其采食，并采取防护措施避免野兽的攻击。家兔会打洞，还得避免打洞逃逸。这种方式仅适用于饲养肉兔。据报道，浙江温岭县有一农民，应用0.5平方千米的小岛放养几对种兔，仅两年时间繁衍了上万只肉兔。放养饲养主要优点是俭省人力物力，繁衍多，生长快。其缺陷是乱交乱配，近亲繁衍，惹起种类退化，不便积肥。一旦爆发传染病无法控制，而且毛皮质量不高。

Grazing is to keep rabbits grazing in the field for a long time, so that they can feed freely, move freely, and breed freely. This is a kind of extensive feeding method. In places where animals are kept, adequate forage and fodder are required to feed them, and protective measures are taken to avoid attacks by wild animals. Rabbits can make holes, and they have to avoid making holes to escape. This method is only suitable for raising meat rabbits. It is reported that there is a farmer in Wenling County, Zhejiang Province, who used a small island of 0.5 square kilometers to breed several pairs of rabbits. In only two years, tens of thousands of meat rabbits have been bred. The main advantages of stockbreeding are saving manpower and material resources, multiplying and growing fast. Its shortcomings are disorderly mating, inbreeding, causing species degradation, and inconvenience in composting. Once an outbreak of infectious diseases is out of control, and the amount of hair is not high.

栅养

Grid maintenance

在室内用竹片或小树棍围成栅圈，每圈占地5平方米～6平方米，可养成兔15只~20只。栅圈的向阳一侧可开小门通向室外运动场，同样用竹片或树棍围起来。室内场地采用高垫草方法，弄脏以后再垫上一层草，达一定高度，彻底肃清垫草并消毒，再重新垫上草。栅内设有采食和饮水用具。栅养适于饲养商品肉兔，也可饲养毛兔和商品皮兔，但公兔须去势，以便和母兔混群饲养，不适合饲养种公兔和繁衍母兔。

In the indoor, bamboo slices or small sticks are used to form a fence. Each circle covers an area of 5 square meters to 6 square meters, and 15 to 20 rabbits can be bred. The sunny side of the fence opens small doors to the outdoor stadium and is also surrounded by bamboo slices or sticks. The indoor site uses the method of cushion grass. After being dirty, it is covered with a layer of grass, reaching a certain height. The cushion grass is thoroughly cleaned and disinfected, and then re-cushioned with grass. There are feeding and drinking utensils in the grate. It is suitable for feeding commercial meat rabbits, fur rabbits and skin rabbits, but the male rabbits have to be castrated so that they can be mixed with the female rabbits. It is not suitable for breeding male rabbits and breeding female rabbits.

栅养可应用陈旧房屋，俭省人力物力，容易管理，适于专业户采用。缺陷是容易传播疾病。

Grid maintenance can be used in old houses, save manpower and material resources, easy to manage, suitable for professional households. Defects are easily transmitted diseases.

窖养

Pit culture

我国北方地域冬季漫长，气候冰冷，乡村普遍采用地窖饲养。其优点，一是俭省建造兔舍费用，俭省土地；二是契合家兔打洞习性；三是环境安静，冬暖夏凉。缺陷是，梅雨时节较为湿润，不便于打扫与消毒，还会影响毛皮质量。窖养适于高寒枯燥的地域采用。

In the northern part of China, the winter is long and the climate is cold, so cellar feeding is widely used in the countryside. Its advantages are: firstly, it saves the cost of building rabbit houses and land; secondly, it fits the rabbit's habit of drilling holes; thirdly, it has quiet environment, warm in winter and cool in summer. The defect is that the plum rain season is wet, not easy to clean and disinfect, but also affect the quality of hair. Pit culture is suitable for cold and dry areas.